What does an anti-lock braking system (ABS) help with during hard braking?

An anti-lock braking system (ABS) is designed to enhance vehicle safety during hard braking situations. When a driver applies the brakes forcefully, especially on slippery surfaces, the ABS prevents the wheels from locking up. This is crucial because locked wheels can lead to a loss of steering control, making it difficult for the driver to navigate around obstacles or maintain a stable trajectory. By modulating brake pressure, ABS allows the driver to maintain steering control while still slowing down effectively. This capability is particularly beneficial in emergency situations where quick stops are necessary, significantly reducing the chances of skidding and losing control of the vehicle.

The other options relate to different aspects of vehicle performance that are not directly influenced by ABS. Fuel efficiency primarily depends on driving habits and vehicle maintenance, rather than the braking system. Increasing braking distance is contrary to the function of ABS, which aims to shorten stopping distances under hard braking by preventing wheel lock-up. Reducing brake wear is also not a primary function of ABS; while it may result in less wear under certain conditions, its main purpose is to maintain control in braking scenarios.